A polyrhythm is the simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms. It creates a complex, layered sound that is used in jazz, progressive rock, and African music.
Understanding Polyrhythms
A polyrhythm is expressed as a ratio, such as 3:2 (three against two). This means one limb plays three evenly spaced notes in the same time that another plays two.
The most common polyrhythms are 3:2, 4:3, and 5:4. The 3:2 polyrhythm (also called a "hemiola") is found in music from Brahms to Bonham.
To practice 3:2: Play triplets with one hand and eighth notes with the other. They should align every 6 notes (the lowest common multiple of 3 and 2).
Applying Polyrhythms on the Kit
Try playing a 3:2 polyrhythm between your hi-hat foot (3) and bass drum (2).
Play 4:3 between your ride cymbal (4) and snare (3).
Listen to Danny Carey (Tool), Gavin Harrison (Porcupine Tree), and Virgil Donati for examples of polyrhythms in modern music.
Practice Tips
- ●Start with 3:2 — it's the easiest to feel and hear
- ●Practice each rhythm separately before combining them
- ●Use a polyrhythm metronome app for practice
- ●Count out loud — it helps internalize the pattern